SWR Meter

At transmission channel that is not match besides incident wave flows also reflected wave. The direction is incident wave from source of to burden (from transmitter to antenna), while reflected wave from direction that is on the contrary (from antenna towards to transmitter). To measure the wave power is required by Power Meter. Usually at Power Meter there are two scales, firstly applied for power to come and other for reflects power. Level of scale is for reflect power smaller than coming power scale.

SWR METER (Standing Wave Ratio Meter - standing wave comparison meter) applied to measure comparison of incident wave and reflected wave. Equally SWR METER applied to measure how to match a source with burden. Job (activity principle SWR Meter constituted at Power Meter. if at one particular measurement only there is Power Meter hence countable SWR from power comes and reflects power.

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5 3W Amplifier With Surround System

The AN7147 Dual 5.3-watt Audio Power Amplifier from Panasonic is listed as a ‘replacement type’ so hopefully will be around for some time to come. Together with some extra components, it can represent a simple surround-sound system requiring no opamps or a negative voltage supply. As shown by the circuit diagram the basic stereo amplifier is changed into a surround-sound system by a trick called ‘adding feedback from the opposite channel’. When surround sound is required, the negative feedback signals supplied by C13-R3 and C12-R4 are fed to the inputs of the ‘other’ amplifier. The resulting phase difference causes the surround effect. If surround sound is not required, the effect can be disabled by pressing push-button S1.

Circuit diagram :

5.3W Amplifier With Surround System Circuit Diagram

This causes the bistable built around IC2.A and IC2.B to toggle and drive transistors T1 and T2 such that the above mentioned negative feedback signals are effectively shunted to ground. A high-efficiency LED and a 3.3-kΩ series resistor (R14) should be used to make sure the maximum output current of the CMOS 4001 device is not exceeded. The amplifier should not be loaded with impedances smaller than 3Ω. The AN7147 will typically supply up to 4.3 watts into 4 Ω. The SIL-12 case needs to be cooled wit a small heatsink of about 6 K/W or better. The quiescent current is modest at just 19 mA.

Source : www.extremecircuits.net

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